Reference Guide - Hard Disk Drives  A Brief History of the Hard Disk Drive Construction and Operation of the Hard Disk Drive Hard Disk Geometry and Low-Level Data Structures Hard Disk Performance, Quality and Reliability Hard Disk BIOS and Capacity Factors Hard Disk Interfaces and Configuration Hard Disk General Interface Factors Obsolete Hard Disk Interfaces Specialty and Future Hard Disk Interfaces Integrated Drive Electronics / AT Attachment (IDE/ATA) Interface Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI) Overview and History of the SCSI Interface SCSI Standards SCSI Data Transfer Modes and Feature Sets SCSI Protocols and Interface Features Single-Ended (SE) and Differential (High Voltage Differential, HVD) Signaling Low-Voltage Differential (LVD) Signaling SCSI Bus Width SCSI Bus Speed Bus Parity and Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC) Command Queuing and Reordering Negotiation and Domain Validation Quick Arbitration and Selection (QAS) Packetization SCSI Protocol Map Summary of SCSI Protocols and Transfer Modes SCSI Host Adapters SCSI Cables and Connectors SCSI Configuration IDE/ATA vs. SCSI: Interface Comparison Hard Disk Logical Structures and File Systems Author: Charles M. Kozierok  The table below shows how the two most important protocol characteristics--bus width and bus speed--map into the different names for SCSI transfer modes and feature sets that are commonly seen in the SCSI world. Links are included to each of the SCSI transfer modes or feature sets. The throughput for each SCSI variety is also shown: Signaling Speed Narrow Wide Mode Throughput (MB/s) Mode Throughput (MB/s) SCSI-1 SCSI-1 5 Wide SCSI 10 Fast Fast SCSI 10 Fast Wide SCSI 20 Fast-20 Ultra SCSI 20 Wide Ultra SCSI 40 Fast-40 Ultra2 SCSI 40 Wide Ultra2 SCSI 80 Fast-80(DT) -- Ultra3 SCSI, Ultra160(/m) SCSI, Ultra160+ SCSI 160 Fast-160(DT) -- Ultra320 SCSI 320 Next: Summary of SCSI Protocols and Transfer Modes

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