As discussed in this section, a certain amount
of overhead is required to process any command to the hard disk. However, that's only one
type of overhead, the kind within the hard disk involved in doing a random access to the
platters. There are other overhead considerations as well that exist within the system
itself. These include the time for the system to process the command at a high level,
operating system overhead, and so on. Every "piece" of this overhead reduces
overall performance by a small amount.
In comparing the SCSI and IDE/ATA interfaces, command overhead is an important
consideration. SCSI is a much more intelligent and capable interface, but it is also more
complex, which means more work must be done to set up a transfer. This means that SCSI can
be slower than IDE/ATA in a single-user, single-tasking environment, even though it can be
much faster and more capable in a machine that is supporting multiple users or multiple
devices on the same bus. SCSI shines when you need to use multiple devices on a single
bus, where IDE/ATA starts to become cumbersome. See here
for more on the eternal IDE vs. SCSI question.
There is also another consideration: the number of devices that are sharing the
interface. This is particularly a concern with SCSI, which allows for many devices on a
bus (IDE/ATA and enhancements allow just two per channel). If you are using four hard
disks on a SCSI bus in a server that is handling many simultaneous requests, and each
drive has an internal sustained transfer rate of 18 MB/s, that 80 MB/s for Ultra2 Wide
SCSI will probably, at many points in time, be in full use. On an IDE/ATA machine only one
device can use any given channel at a time, so you only need to compare the speed of the
interface to the speed of each drive that will use it, not the sum of their transfer
rates.
Next: PC System
Factors
